It is a perennial herbaceous plant, about 15-50 cm high, with a distinct fishy odor.The lower part of its stem is prostrate, rooting underground, and the upper part is erect, relatively smooth and basically glabrous.
The leaves of Houttuynia cordata are alternate, broadly ovate or heart-shaped, about 3-8 cm long and 4-6 cm wide.Apex partially acuminate, margin entire, with fine glandular dots.The color of the top and the bottom is different, the top is yellow-green or dark green, and the bottom is purple-red.It has long petioles, 3-5 cm long.
It usually blooms between May and August, with peak flowering in the summer.When flowering, it is a spike, the color of the spike is yellow, the flowers grow at the top of the stem, opposite to the leaves, with four white bracts at the base, petal-shaped.Flowers smaller, without tepals.
Its fruiting period is usually between July and October.The fruit is a capsule, oval in shape.The top part of the fruit will crack when it is ripe.