Lilies (genus Lilium and Hemerocallis) are popular ornamental plants known for their vibrant flowers and fragrant blooms. However, certain species are highly toxic to cats and moderately toxic to dogs. The toxic compounds, primarily found in all parts of the plant (leaves, petals, stems, pollen, and even water from the vase), can cause severe health issues or even death in pets.
Not all lilies are equally dangerous. The most toxic species to cats include:
For dogs, ingestion typically causes milder symptoms like gastrointestinal upset, but severe cases are rare. Peace lilies (Spathiphyllum) and calla lilies (Zantedeschia) contain insoluble oxalates, which irritate the mouth but are less lethal.
The exact toxin in lilies is unidentified, but research suggests alkaloids or glycosides may be responsible. In cats, even small amounts (e.g., licking pollen) can cause acute kidney failure due to rapid toxin absorption. Dogs are less sensitive but may experience vomiting, diarrhea, or lethargy.
In cats: Symptoms appear within 2–6 hours and include vomiting, lethargy, loss of appetite, dehydration, and increased urination followed by kidney failure (anuria). Without treatment, death can occur within 3–7 days.
In dogs: Symptoms are usually milder, such as drooling, vomiting, or diarrhea, but kidney damage is uncommon.
If ingestion is suspected:
To protect pets:
Cats require urgent care, including intravenous fluids to flush toxins, blood tests to monitor kidney function, and supportive medications. Dogs may need anti-nausea drugs or activated charcoal, depending on the amount ingested.
