Soil is the activity place of plant root system, which creates a loose and ventilating environment and has certain water holding capacity, which is very important for the cultivation of carnation. Carnation is a kind of flower with fibrous roots. Its roots grow well in loose and fertile soil with good aeration.
The best choice for planting carnation is sandy soil. The clay and silted soil are unfavorable to the growth of carnation, so it needs to be improved.
Carnation is a cold loving plant. The optimum temperature for its growth and development is 19-21 ℃, and the temperature difference between day and night should be kept within 10 ℃. If the temperature is too high during the day, carnations will have bad phenomena such as small flowers, narrow leaves and few branches. The temperature between the leaves should not be too high, otherwise there will be abnormal reactions such as weak stems, small flowers and good colors. If the temperature is higher than 35 ℃ in summer and lower than 9 ℃ in winter, the plant will grow slowly or even stop growing.
Carnation has a high requirement of light on plants. Except for seedling raising or flowering period, there is no need to worry about the adverse effect of strong light on carnation. As a long sunshine plant, the longer the sunshine is, the more differentiation of flower bud will be promoted, and the earlier the flowers will bloom.
With the aid of auxiliary light, not only the growth of internode and lateral branch can be promoted, but also the diameter of corolla and the brightness of flower color can be increased.
Carnation is a kind of shallow root flower, and the planting depth cannot exceed 2cm. Water once after planting, and then water after the pot soil is dry. Carnations are not resistant to humidity. In addition to the need to increase the amount of water in the exuberant growth period, flowering period and midsummer, in general, the amount of water should not be too much, just keep a certain humidity in the soil. Pay attention to avoid too dry and wet soil when flowering.
Carnation is a shallow root plant, the root system is generally distributed in the soil layer of about 20 cm, so when planting, the soil should be applied with sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is made of manure, compost, bone meal and other organic fertilizers, which can improve the physical properties of the soil for cultivation and enhance its fertility, making it a loam rich in humus and easy and fertile.
Carnation needs constant fertilizer supplement during its growing period. The principle of top dressing is to apply thin fertilizer frequently, once in 25-30 days. Smaller potted plants, about 10 days of topdressing. At the peak of plant growth, the times of topdressing can be increased. Fertilizer can be cake fertilizer water, chicken manure water, or alternate compound fertilizer.
During the vigorous growth period of spring and autumn, the soil should be kept moist to meet the needs of growth and development. In summer, the growth is restrained in high temperature period. At this time, it is better to control watering and strengthen ventilation to keep the basin soil slightly dry.
Generally, the temperature control is the most suitable for entering the greenhouse before and after frost. In order to prolong the florescence, the temperature can be adjusted up or down. We should try to reduce the humidity in greenhouse to reduce the occurrence of disease.
Enter the room in winter and cultivate in a sunny and well ventilated place. If the temperature is suitable, the flowering period can be extended to march of the next year.
