It is known that it occurs in May to June and August to September in Japan. It is the flower and fruit of mice infested with millet. It is found in China that jasmine flowers are harmed, commonly known as jasmine bud borer. The masses are called flower drillers.
Living habits: overwintering with larvae on the twigs and flowers of jasmine. At the end of February and the beginning of March, the larvae warm up and emerge. The adults lay their eggs on the flower buds or tender leaves. After hatching, the larvae drill into the flowers to eat the flowers. When there is no flower, they damage the leaves between the leaves, which can be transferred to damage. The larvae can also damage the shoots, which occurs for more than ten generations every year. It has been observed that this insect is harmful in the whole flowering period of jasmine, and generations overlap. June to September is the peak period of its damage.
Because the main pest of this insect is flower, and jasmine is the raw material of scenting tea, the safety requirements are particularly high. In the prevention and control, first of all, we should pay attention not to use high toxic and high residual pesticides in the flowering period, and try to avoid the use of drugs in the flowering period, and control the insect population density through the prevention and control before and after the flowering period. Specific method: .
(1) clean the countryside in winter, thoroughly cut off dead branches, insect injured branches and insect branches, and burn them intensively. Clean up dead leaves, or burn or bury them. In order to reduce the number of overwintering insects in the field with more overwintering insect population, the application of pesticides can be combined.
(2) pay attention to the inspection during the flowering period, and remove the damaged buds, flowers and branches in time.
(3) fumigating in the flower field at dusk can prevent adults from laying eggs.
(4) chemical control. We can choose 24.5% of the 2000 fold solution of acarid, 1.8% of the 2000 fold solution of acarid, or 800-1000 fold solution of Sanle insecticide, or other avermectins, such as 0.9% of the 2000-3000 fold solution of aifudin, 1% of the 2500-3500 fold solution of acarid, 0.6% of the 2000 fold solution of acarid, 24.5% of the 2500-3000 fold solution of cicada Qing, or 0.5% of the 2000 fold solution of nongha, or 4.5% of the 3000 fold solution of cypermethrin. Liquid spray.
Jasmine leaf borer belongs to Lepidoptera and moth family. The larva mainly feeds on the leaves of jasmine, and sometimes damages the buds and shoots. The newly hatched larvae gather on the back of the leaves and feed on the mesophyll, leaving a translucent epidermis. When they grow up, they eat the leaves into holes or bite them into notches. Also can chew the twig cortex, causes the leaf to wither yellow to fall off, the entire branch to wither.
Living habits: 10 generations a year in the south, overwintering with larvae. The adults appeared in March to April. They were static in the day, active in the night, and laid eggs after copulation. The eggs are mostly produced on the leaf surface, but also on the back of the leaf and twigs. Each female can lay 50-200 eggs. The larvae cluster at the beginning and spread after the third instar. They often tie up the branches and leaves together, hide them and eat for harm. The damage in autumn is more serious.
1. Clear the garden in early spring, remove dead branches and leaves, and burn them to eliminate the source of overwintering insects.
2. Biological control. Including the protection of natural enemies, egg laying parasitoids, the use of biological pesticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis.
3. Chemical control. When natural enemies are unable to control their hazards, 90% dipper 600~800 fold diluent, or 50% fenugreek emulsion 1000 times dilution, or 2.5% deltamethrin 1500~2000 times diluent, or 20% fenvalerate 2000~3000 times diluent, can also be used for spraying 24.5% 24.5% mite Ding 2000 times, 1.8% spider mites 2000 fold diluent. It should be noted that the spraying should be done after flower picking, and the chrysanthemum ester pesticide can be picked more than 5 days after application.
Spodoptera is a Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, also known as the lotus Spodoptera, Spodoptera. Spodoptera litura is a worldwide pest, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia, Mediterranean Europe and Africa. All over China. This insect is a kind of omnivorous and gluttonous leaf eating insect, which often breaks out intermittently. It is known that there are more than 200 species of harmful plants in 99 families, and at least 99 species of plants are most fond of eating. In the cultivated crops, it mainly damages jasmine, cotton, tobacco, sweet potato, peanut, soybean, corn, wheat, beet, taro, lotus root, sesame, sunflower, melon and cruciferous vegetables. The larvae mainly eat leaves, but also flowers, fruits and twigs. The population of this insect is larger in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and South China, but occasionally in the north.
Occurrence regularity: the annual generation of Spodoptera litura gradually increases from north to south, 4 to 5 generations in Shandong Province, 4 to 5 generations in Henan Province, 5 to 6 generations in Anhui, Hubei and Hunan Province, 6 to 9 generations in Fujian, Guangdong and Yunnan Province.
The occurrence and damage of Spodoptera litura are affected by temperature, humidity, soil, rainfall, host plants, natural enemies and human measures. The optimum temperature for growth and development is 25-30 ℃, and the optimum relative humidity is 75-80%. The density of insect population is generally higher in the dense field with good water and fertilizer conditions. 20% of soil moisture content is helpful for the pupation of larvae and the emergence of adults. If the newly hatched larvae are scoured by rainstorm, they will die in large numbers, and the long-term water accumulation in the field will also be harmful to the survival of pupae. In Guangxi, temperature and humidity are the most suitable conditions for the growth and development of Spodoptera litura. If there is no continuous rainstorm in June, it is favorable for the occurrence of a large population of Spodoptera litura.
(1) trapping and killing adults: using the phototaxis and chemotaxis of adults, using black light lamp and poplar branch or sugar and vinegar to trap and kill adults.
(2) artificial killing: according to the characteristics that adults tend to lay eggs on the back of leaves in the middle of the plant and the young larvae Swarm for feeding, the eggs shall be removed in time and the adults shall be killed before the eggs are laid in full and the larvae spread.
(3) Medicament Control: spray with 10% detergent 1500 times solution, 5% Regent 2500 times solution, 5.7% baishude 4000 times solution, 4.5% CIs cypermethrin 3000 times solution, 52.25% nongdile 1500 times solution, 90% trichlorfon 800 times solution, 80% dichlorvos 1000 times solution, 35% Saidan 1000 times solution, 2.5% dichotomous 3000-4000 times solution, etc. 。
Citrus ash elephant belongs to Coleoptera and iconidae. From March to May of each year, jasmine flowers are harmed. Adults eat young buds, new shoots and young leaves, as well as old leaves. The young and old leaves were eaten into the shape of notches, which seriously affected the first batch of flowers at the end of April and the beginning of May. According to preliminary investigation, there are more than 20000 insects per mu in the sand loam field along the river in Hengxian County. Citrus gray elephant is known to damage: orange, tea, jasmine, peach, longan, litchi, etc.
The life habit of Citrus gray elephant: one generation occurs in one year, and one generation is completed in a few two years. Overwintering in soil with adults and larvae. The overwintering adults are gradually unearthed from mid March to early April every year. Spawning began in mid April. The larva hatched from late April to mid July, pupated from the end of September to the end of October, and emerged at the end of October. In the same year, the adult overwintered in the pupa room. The larvae hatched in the last ten days of July overwinter with 3-4 instar larvae in the same year, continue to move in the next spring, and overwinter with adults after pupation and emergence in the same year. The adults are unearthed in the third year. When the adults are unearthed, they climb up the top of the tree along the trunk and eat the young buds and leaves. If there are no young buds and leaves, they eat the old leaves. Adults are slow-moving and have strong pseudodeath. They like to hide in hidden places such as the intersection of leaves and branches. Strong hunger tolerance, up to 6-27 days. The eggs lay between two overlapping leaves. The average life span of adult is 183 days for males and 130 days for females. After the eggs hatch, the larvae land in the soil, with a depth of 10-50 cm. The larvae feed on the roots and humus of plants. When the larvae mature, they pupate in the soil chamber.
Artificial killing: the insect has no hind wings and can not fly. It is slow in action and has strong pseudodeath. It can be killed by artificial catching.
Chemical control: it is suitable to spray the insecticide at the adult's peak stage. The following medicaments can be selected: 30% pests net 1000 times, 4.5% beta cypermethrin 1000~2000 times, or 2.5% Kung Fu 1000~2000 times liquid, and properly add some dichlorvos spray. Methamidophos, 1605 and other highly toxic pesticides are not suitable for use because of their high toxicity and long residual period.
In the past, the main damage to citrus was reported by Bemisia gondii. The insect is very harmful to jasmine flowers in Guangxi now. It has been widely used in Hengxian, and the density of insect population in some plots is high, and has shown obvious symptoms of damage. 14 leaves with more worms were selected from a heavily damaged flower field in caochun, a town of Hengxian County. It was found that there were 65.3 live nymphs per leaf and 58.6 empty pupae, i.e. 123.9 live nymphs and pupae per leaf. There are 152 nymphs and 137 pupae in the leaf with the largest insect population. The total number of them is 289. Such a high amount of insects caused the leaves to turn green and yellow, which seriously affected the growth of plants. The importance of this insect has not been paid much attention to by the flower growers because it is harmful by sucking on the prickly sucking mouthparts and does not cause the morphological defects of the leaves. It was first found in India in 1971 and is known to be distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi. Fujian Province reported that the insect mainly damages oranges and jasmine, and the known host plants include thyme, carambola, sparrow, etc. On the jasmine flowers, the nymphs and adults of Bemisia gondii infest the back of the leaves, causing the leaves to turn green and yellow, the plants to grow badly, and even the branches to wither. At the same time, it secretes honeydew, which is easy to induce soot disease.
Adults like to eat and lay eggs on the back of young leaves in the upper part of the plant. They often fly in a short distance when they are frightened or worried. Adults are phototaxis, hygroscopic and active at high temperature. The reproduction was bisexual or parthenogenetic. The eggs are scattered on the back of the leaves, and the newly hatched nymphs can crawl around the back of the leaves. After the second age, they are fixed. There are often dozens or even hundreds of nymphs clustered on one leaf. The peak period of occurrence was from April to June and from September to October.
According to the characteristics of the pest and the results of the control of other pests, two suggestions were put forward for reference.
Protection of natural enemies: the predatory natural enemies of the insect include Caoling, ladybug, predacious mite, spider, etc.; the parasitic natural enemies mainly include aphid wasps. All kinds of natural enemies have a certain control effect on pests, so when spraying insecticides in jasmine field, we should try to avoid using high toxic chemical pesticides.
Insecticide control: in the early stage of nymphs, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos and other effective insecticides were used to spray kill Homoptera pests. The results showed that the light and maggot of the flower growers used to control the Chilo bicolor had a good killing effect on the adults of Bemisia gondii, and it was safe to the natural enemies.
Flower thrips belong to Thysanoptera and thrips family. This insect damages corolla and stamen in flower, most of them are around ovary, and damage reproductive organ. The most serious one can make the corolla deform, wilt and dry, which has a great influence on the ornamental value. After the leaves are damaged, silver gray spots often appear on the new leaves of young stems, or the base of leaves are silver gray, so as to cause defoliation and affect the growth.
Living habits: 11-14 generations a year, overlapping generations. Overwintering with adults. Adults have strong phototaxis. There are tens to hundreds of adults and nymphs in the stamens with a little fragrance and a larger corolla. The eggs are mostly produced in petals, filaments and tender leaves, and the spawning place is slightly expanded or slightly raised, which can be inspected by light. Each female lays 77-248 eggs and the oviposition period is 20-50 days.
Chemical control was used. Spray 500-800 times of 2.5% yutengjing emulsifiable concentrate, 800-1000 times of 3% pyrethroid emulsifiable concentrate, 1000-2000 times of 50% fenitrothion emulsifiable concentrate, 1000-1500 times of 20% fenitrothion emulsifiable concentrate, 1000-5000 times of 25% quetiaphos emulsifiable concentrate, or 3000-5000 times of 10% aphidijing ultra micro wettable powder.
Cotton red spider is also called spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider spider. It belongs to the true Acaridae and Tetranychidae, and is an important pest mite. Cotton red spider has a complex diet, strong fecundity, fast spread, and can damage dozens of plants, including corn, melons, beans, vegetables, trees and weeds. Jasmine is one of the most common harmful plants. The adult mite, juvenile mite and RUOYE mite were used to prick and suck the host juice on the back or bud of jasmine flower, which made the damaged leaves lose green, the color of leaves became white, yellow and even rust like spots. The damaged flower bud will shrink or close, which will greatly affect the yield and quality of the flower.
Cotton spider can be transferred with water flow, spread by wind force, or spread by crawling in a short distance. Generally speaking, the climate is dry and high temperature is good for its reproduction. The optimum temperature is 29-31 ℃, the relative humidity is 35% - 55%. If the air humidity is more than 70%, its reproduction will be inhibited. There are many natural enemies of cotton spider, such as sandfly, carnivorous mite, carnivorous thrips, Ladybug and so on. They all play a good role in controlling cotton spider.
1. Agricultural control (1) remove weeds on the edge of the field, combine with pruning, remove sick leaves, remove fallen leaves, burn or deal with them, which can eliminate the sources of overwintering insects and reduce the occurrence of hazards. (2) strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, and enhance the resistance of plants to insects. Keep humidity, worsen the living environment of cotton spider.
2, insecticides can be controlled by 24.5% or 1.8% worm mites 2000 times diluent, or 50% tricyclic tin wettable powder 1500 times diluent, or 75% grams of mitt oil 1000 times diluted liquid, or 35% 35% of Sai Dan cream 3000 times diluted solution, or 50% Apollo diluted diluted solution spray, once again after spraying.
Snails are mollusks, not insects. It belongs to Gastropoda, styloma and Snail family. It is commonly known as Buffalo, skyworm and scleroderma. There are two common species in farmland, Bradybaena similaris (Ferussac) and Bradybaena ravida (Benson), which are mainly of the same type. Snails have a very complex diet. In addition to jasmine, vegetables, beans, hemps, tobacco, tea, cotton, green manure, bananas, fruit trees, weeds and so on are all harmful. In the jasmine flower, from the tip of the first bud to the branches, young leaves, old leaves and even branches and culms that grow out, it is often eaten in groups, eating up the young buds or biting off the cortex of the branches, causing the whole branch to wither, or biting the leaves into notches, holes and dilapidated, seriously affecting the yield.
Occurrence rule: one generation of the same type of Ba snail occurs in a year. The adult and young shells spend the winter in the loose soil at the root of the crop or under the dead branches and leaves on the ground, or under the piles of rocks and soil blocks. During the winter, they often secrete a layer of white film to seal the shell mouth. In March of the next year, when the temperature became warmer, the overwintering adult and young shellfish began to move, and they crawled to the stems of crops to gather and eat new buds. There are two full spawning periods in each year, the first in April and the second in September. After mating, females begin to lay eggs a few days later. The eggs are laid at the depth of 1-2cm in the topsoil beside the plants or under the dead leaves on the ground. There are more than ten to dozens of eggs in each pile, and each female can lay more than 200 eggs at most. Eggs need to survive in the shade. If exposed to the sun and dried, they will burst. After hatching, the food intake of young shellfish was very small in 4 months, and increased greatly in 6 months. After about 8 months of development, they became adult shellfish. Snail like humid environment, sunny, more hidden in the shade, sooner or later and cloudy out activities. There are two peaks of damage in a year. From April to may, the overwintering young shellfish gradually mature, and the number of shellfish in the field increases. At this time, there is much rain and humidity, which is very suitable for their growth, causing serious damage. From June to August, the temperature increased, and the dry rain was less, which was unfavorable to its activity. Most of them were hidden in the roots of crops or under the soil, and they could not eat and move, and secreted white film to seal the mouth of the shell to spend the summer. From September to October, the temperature dropped, and in the autumn rain, the feeding activity was resumed, and the mating spawning was carried out. After November, it was gradually transferred to the overwintering place and entered the overwintering place.
(1) it is one of the places where snails can live through the winter. It is not allowed to stay in the garden for the winter.
(2) in April, may and September and October, it is snail spawning season. Combined with the weeding in the middle ploughing, the topsoil at the root of the crop is ploughed and sun blasted to kill the eggs.
(3) in the peak period of snail activity, in the morning and evening or in the cloudy day, take advantage of a large number of exposed snails to feed, and take artificial capture.
Pesticide control: 30% cochlear removing agent can be selected, 100-500g per mu, 2-3kg of bait (corn meal, bran, peanut cake, etc.) can be used, and water can be added to stir into small particles for application, which can be applied in strips or holes, with good control effect. It can also be used for 300-500g /mu, 350g /mu with 6% density, and 1000g /mu with 10% snail enemies. It can be mixed with dry fine soil or fine sand to evenly spread on the crops and ground where snails live in the evening, or it can be sprinkled or sprayed with hot water after dissolving. Spray 70% bailuosha wettable powder 1000 times diluent. If it rains after application of the medicine, it shall be supplemented once. Or use lime powder to spread, 3-5kg per mu.
The common diseases and insect pests of Jasmine are really many. Let's introduce them here for the time being. Finally, I exclaim that it's not easy for jasmine to live, and it's not easy for jasmine's flower friends to maintain. Let's fight with pests to the end and protect Jasmine!
