Ferns like to be wet but not drought resistant, so we should pay special attention to watering. During its vigorous growth period, it needs to be watered every day, as well as on the leaf surface. It can also spray water around the fern growth to keep it moist. If the root is damaged or the blade is injured due to neglect or too little watering, put the basin into clean water and increase the humidity of the surrounding environment. If too much water causes the leaves to turn yellow or wither, the whole plant shall be pulled out. At the same time, pay attention not to damage the root when pulling out, and cut off the rotten root caused by too much water. Therefore, the principle of moderate watering should be followed, and should be done in the morning.
The temperature that ferns need to grow depends on where they live. For ferns growing in the tropics, the required temperature should be between 20 ℃ and 27 ℃, and not less than 10 ℃ in winter. For the region growing in subtropical or temperate zone, the suitable temperature should be between 15 ℃ and 20 ℃, and not less than 7 ℃ in winter. In the north, the temperature should not be too low in winter, otherwise the ferns will be damaged.
Some people think that it's obviously wrong to give plants enough light, that is, to put them in direct sunlight. Ferns must not be placed in the direct sunlight, just in the bright sunshine. But it is not in the whole process of its growth need light, in the bud period to be prepared for shade, in the dormancy period to be in a place with sufficient light, lack of light will lead to it does not stand.
During the cultivation of pteridophytes, it is necessary to ensure the fresh and flowing air, especially in the sultry summer, when ventilating, it is necessary to supplement the water in time to avoid "draught".
Ferns must be planted in organic and loose soil. The matrix can be sapropel, perlite and peat soil. Liquid fertilizer can also be added during plant growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are particularly important for plant growth. Nitrogen can make the plant grow vigorously, phosphorus can make the plant root developed, potassium can promote photosynthesis, and accelerate the synthesis of chlorophyll. The fertilizer should be applied in an all-round way so as to promote the growth of plants.
It should be noted that ferns need to change pots every two to three years, not a plant grows in a flowerpot all its life. Be careful not to damage the root when changing the basin. When transplanting into a new basin, do not put the soil in the plant first, but put the plant in the basin first, and then put the matching substrate. In the bottom of the basin can put some broken stones, can promote drainage, conducive to the root of the breath.
Because of the bad environment, it is easy to cause some pests, the main pests are spider and aphid. The existence of spider will make the plant growth stagnate and the leaves wither. Use specific drugs for each pest, such as 1% methaamamectin 20000. The common plant diseases are sudden fall, rust and nematode. These diseases will make the plants grow poorly or wilt in different degrees, and cause the plants not to grow normally. In the prevention and treatment of various diseases to specific analysis.
