First of all, the pruning work should ensure its normal growth, and then make it have a more beautiful tree shape, which is conducive to viewing, which is the basic principle of seedling pruning. However, in daily work, many people put the cart before the horse, take "beauty" as the first, and take measures such as cutting and sawing big branches to adjust tree shape, which will affect the normal growth of seedlings. Therefore, before pruning, first of all, we should design pruning plan carefully, and take the normal growth of seedlings as the first priority.
Some people in order to reduce the amount of flowers, so that the flowers are large and the flowering period is long, often to peach, elm and other flower shrubs for thinning or cutting short branches. In fact, in the pruning process, especially in the winter or early spring pruning process, under the premise of ensuring the normal growth of seedlings and beautiful tree shape, it can appropriately reduce the thinning or short cutting of branches. Through the thinning of too dense flower buds, it can also effectively concentrate nutrition, so as to keep the left flower buds blooming large and long flowering period.
In the work, many people pay more attention to the pruning of seedlings in dormancy period, but neglect the pruning in growing period, such as shoot picking and tillering removal. As we all know, pruning during the growth period of seedlings is also very important. Reasonable pruning can not only make seedlings grow vigorously and form a beautiful crown, but also effectively reduce the workload of pruning during dormancy period. For example, from the middle of May to the middle of June, it can effectively control the upward movement of flower position, improve the plumpness of flower buds, and small trees can be shaped early. In the middle and last ten days of July, removing the dense branches can effectively improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the crown, and promote the nutrition to turn to flower bud differentiation. In addition, in the middle and last ten days of August, some flowering shrubs can be cut off, which can effectively control the growth of new shoots, promote the enrichment of branches, and improve the overwintering ability of branches.
In the work, people often pay attention to the pre flower pruning of ornamental seedlings, because pre flower pruning can ensure the quality of flowering. Pruning after flowering is often ignored, which affects the growth of this kind of seedlings, flower bud differentiation and the quality of flowering in the next year. Pruning after flower is also a very important work, which must be done well. For example, flowers and shrubs such as peach, elm and peony should be cut off in time after flowering. If they are not cut off in time, it will lead to plant results, thus consuming a lot of nutrients, affecting flower bud differentiation, resulting in less flowers or small flowers in the next year. In addition, flowering shrubs such as crape myrtle and rose should be pruned in time after each flower, so as to promote new branches and flowers.
For some flower shrubs, when pruning, we pay attention to the short cutting of branches, but ignore the regeneration of branches. For example, when pruning Begonia, we misunderstood the habit of "flowering of old branches" of Begonia, only focused on cutting short some branches, but ignored the renewal of some flowering old branches. In fact, the flowering of Begonia sessile is the most prosperous is the 3-5-year-old branches, the flowering ability of the old branches more than 5 years gradually weakened. Therefore, the old flowering branches should be renewed in time to keep the whole plant blooming and flourishing all the time.
In our work, we often find that the trunk of some roadside trees is straight, but the distribution of main branches is not uniform, they all grow on a track and get "neck sticking disease". This situation is formed by neglecting the selection and retention of main branches. This not only affects the crown opening, but also easily splits the branches and trunk in the severe convective weather and after heavy snow. The right way is to select and retain the main branches in different directions. The new branches must be evenly distributed and scattered up and down, so that the crown can be more open and the ability to resist wind and snow is stronger.
When pruning seedlings such as elm, peach and tree, many people like to prune them into cup shape, and the crown with the name of cup shape is more ventilated, which is not easy to cause diseases and insect pests. As we all know, although the cup-shaped crown is well ventilated, it violates the growth habit of the seedlings and shortens the life of the seedlings due to too much thinning of the branches. The correct way is to adopt the open center shape for the flowering shrubs such as elm, peach and so on, so that the whole crown is oblate, which can not only make the plants ventilated and transparent, but also be beneficial to the growth of seedlings. For Fatong, if there are no wires above and no pipes below, the natural round crown shape should be adopted, which is not only good for shade area, but also for plant growth.
When pruning, we should avoid no order. When pruning ornamental flowers and trees, we should first observe and analyze whether the seedlings are in balance. If not, we should first analyze the causes. If it is because of many branches, especially large branches that cause strong growth potential, thinning should be carried out. Before thinning, the number of large branches and their positions on the backbone branches should be determined first, and the useless ones should be cut off first. After the large branches are trimmed, the small branches should be pruned in sequence from the top of each main branch or each side branch. For a common seedling, the upper part should be cut first, then the lower part; the inner branch first, then the outer branch. When several people cut a seedling at the same time, they should study the pruning plan before they can do it.
In the process of pruning garden trees, wounds are often left, and sometimes large wounds are caused by retracting large branches, or splitting phenomenon occurs due to large opening angle. If not protected and treated in time, the branches will dry up, or the trees will be weakened due to rainwater immersion and pathogen infection. Therefore, the wound should be treated immediately after trimming. In addition, the diseased branches should be treated in time to avoid the spread of disease.
All tools shall be sharp when pruning the seedlings for animal husbandry. During pruning, the skin of seedlings shall not be torn, broken or broken. Tools for pruning diseased branches should be disinfected with copper sulfate before pruning other branches to prevent cross infection.
