The stems of wheat are erect, tufted, 6 to 7 knots, 60 to 100 cm high, 5 to 7 mm in diameter. The sheaths of leaves are loosely wrapped around the stems. The tongue is membranous, growing about 1 mm, and the leaves are long lanceolate.
Barley stems are thick, smooth, hairless, erect, about 50 to 100 cm tall, with lanceolate ears on both sides, 9 to 20 cm long, 7 to 20 mm wide, and flat.
Spikes of wheat are erect, about 5 to 10 cm long and about 1 to 1.5 cm wide. Spikelets contain 3 to 9 flowers.
The spikes of barley are 3 to 8 cm long and about 1.5 cm in diameter.
The wheat fruit has a yellow brown pericarp, which is flat, round or oval. The two ends of the fruit are slightly sharp or blunt, with starch grains inside. The powder of the fruit is white, with small yellow brown pericarp pieces.
Barley caryopsis is oval, the seeds of the fruit are covered by lemma shell.
